Pleural effusion 흉막삼출 케이스 A＋

Ⅰ. 서론

Pleural effusion, or 흉막삼출, refers to the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, which is the thin space between the layers of pleura surrounding the lungs. This condition can result from a variety of underlying pathologies, including infections, malignancies, heart failure, and inflammatory diseases. The pleural cavity normally contains a small amount of lubricating pleural fluid, which facilitates the movement of the lungs during respiration. However, when fluid production exceeds resorption or when there`s an increase in vascular permeability, fluid can accumulate, leading to pleural effusion. The clinical presentation of pleural effusion can vary widely depending on its size, rapidity of accumulation, and the underlying etiology. Patients may present with symptoms such as dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, or cough, which can be exacerbated by the presence of the fluid in the pleural space. Physical examination often reveals diminished breath so…(생략)