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4. �솚寃쎌쓽 媛�移�
�옄�뿰�솚寃쎌씠 �씤媛꾩쓽 寃쎌젣�솢�룞�쓣 �젣�빟�븯�뒗 �슂�냼濡� �씤�떇�릺吏� �븡�븯�뜕 湲곗〈�쓽 寃쎌젣吏덉꽌 �븯�뿉�꽌�뒗 �솚寃쎌뿉 ����븳 媛�移섎�� �옄�뿰�깮�깭怨꾨줈遺��꽣 �젣怨듬릺�뒗 �옄�썝�쓽 寃쎌젣�쟻 �떆�옣媛�移섎쭔�쓣 湲곗���쑝濡� �룊媛��븯�뿬 �솕�쓬.
利�, 泥쒖뿰�옄�썝�쓽 �궗�슜�뿉 �뵲瑜� �궗�쉶�쟻 鍮꾩슜(social cost)�쓣 怨좊젮�븿�씠 �뾾�씠 �궗�쟻鍮꾩슜(private cost)留뚯쓣 怨좊젮�븳 �떆�옣媛�移섏뿉 �뵲�씪 寃쎌젣�옱(economic goods)��� �옄�쑀�옱(free goods)濡� 遺꾨쪟�븯����뜕 寃껋엫.
洹� 寃곌낵 �냼�쐞 �옄�쑀�옱濡� 媛꾩＜�릺�뼱 �삩 怨듦린�굹 臾쇨낵 媛숈�� �옄�뿰�옄�썝�쓣 寃쎌젣�솢�룞�쓣 �넻�빐 臾댁젅�젣�븯寃� �씠�슜�븿�쑝濡쒖뜥, �씤瑜섏쓽 �깮�솢�쓣 吏��꺊�빐 二쇰뒗 �옄�뿰�솚寃쎌뿉 �뾼泥��궃 �넀�떎�쓣 珥덈옒�븯寃� �맂 寃껋엫.
洹몃윭�굹, �솚寃쏀뙆愿댁쓽 �쐞�뿕�씠 �씤瑜섏쓽 誘몃옒�뿉 �떖媛곹븳 �쁺�뼢�쓣 誘몄튌 寃껋씠�씪�뒗 �젏�쓣 �씤�떇�븯湲� �떆�옉�븳 �씤瑜섎뒗 1970�뀈���遺��꽣 怨듦린��� 臾� �벑�쓣 �뜑 �씠�긽 �옄�쑀�옱濡� 蹂댁�� �븡怨� �씗�냼�옱(scarce goods)濡� �씤�떇�븯湲� �떆�옉�븯����쓬.
�씠�윭�븳 �씤�떇�쓽 蹂��솕�뿉 �뵲�씪 �솚寃쎌쓽 媛�移섏뿉 ����븳 �룊媛�媛� �떎媛곸쟻�쑝濡� �씠猷⑥뼱吏�湲� �떆�옉�븯����쑝硫�, �씪遺� �븰�옄�뱾��� �옄�뿰�솚寃쎌씠 �씤媛꾩뿉寃� �젣怨듯븯�뒗 湲곕뒫�쟻 媛�移섎�� �떎�쓬怨� 媛숈씠 �떎�뼇�븯寃� �젣�떆�븯怨� �엳�쓬.4)
◦ �깮�솢 �쑀吏�(lifesupport)�쓽 �꽣�쟾
◦ 議곌린寃쎈낫泥닿퀎(early warning system)
◦ 怨쇳븰�쟻 �뿰援щ�� �쐞�븳 �떎�뿕�떎(laboratory for scientific study)
◦ �떎�뼇�븳 �쑀�쟾�옄 ����옣�냼(stockpile of genetic diversity)
◦ �뵾濡쒗쉶蹂듭쓣 �쐞�븳 �쑕�떇泥�(recreational gymnasium)
◦ �떖誘몄쟻 �삁�닠愿�(aesthetic art gallery)
◦ �젙�떊�쟻 �븞�떇泥�(spiritual cathedral)
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