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1. �썝寃⑷탳�쑁�씠���
1) �썝寃⑷탳�쑁 �젙�쓽
�썝寃⑷탳�쑁��� 洹쇰옒 2-30�뿬 �뀈 �궗�씠�뿉 諛쒕떖�븳 援먯쑁�쓽 �떎�젣�씠�옄 �븰臾� �쁺�뿭�씠湲곕룄 �븯�떎. �삤�뒛�궇 �슦由ш�� �씪而ル뒗 �썝寃⑷탳�쑁�쓽 �떆珥덈뒗 �넻�떊援먯쑁�씠�떎.
�썝寃⑷탳�쑁�씠�씪�뒗 留먯�� 1982�뀈 ICCE (International Council for Correspondence Education)媛� 洹� �씠由꾩쓣 ICDE (International Council for Distance Education)濡� 諛붽씀硫댁꽌 怨듭떇�솕�릺�뿀�떎 (Holmberg 1995, x-4).
�썝寃⑷탳�쑁�뿉 ����븳 醫낇빀�쟻�씤 �젙�쓽瑜� �궡由� �궗�엺��� Keegan(1980)�씤�뜲(Orivel 1994, 1568�뿉�꽌 �옱�씤�슜), 洹몃뒗 �썝寃⑷탳�쑁�씠 �떎�쓬�쓽 紐� 媛�吏� �듅�꽦�쓣 媛뽯뒗�떎怨� 蹂몃떎.
利�, �븰�뒿�옄��� 援먯궗�쓽 遺꾨━, 湲곗닠 留ㅼ껜�쓽 �솢�슜, �뙇諛� 援먯떊, 媛쒕퀎 �븰�뒿, �썝寃⑷탳�쑁 �젣怨� 湲곌�� 諛� 議곗쭅�쓽 以묒슂�꽦, �궛�뾽�솕�맂 援먯쑁 �삎�깭�뿉�쓽 李몄뿬, �븰�뒿�쓽 �궗�쑀�솕 (privatization) �뵲�쐞�떎.
�썝寃⑷탳�쑁�뿉 ����븳 蹂대떎 �씪諛섏쟻�씤 �젙�쓽�뒗 Holmberg媛� �젣�븞�븳 寃껋쑝濡� (Holmberg 1995, 1; de Wolf 1994, 1557), �썝寃⑷탳�쑁�씠��� 媛곴툒 �븰援먮굹 紐⑤뱺 �삎�깭�쓽 援먯쑁�뿉�꽌 �씠猷⑥뼱吏��뒗 �떎�뼇�븳 �삎�깭�쓽 鍮꾩젒珥됱쟻 (noncontiguous) �닔�뾽怨� �븰�뒿�쑝濡쒖꽌, �닔�뾽�쓣 �젣怨듯븯�뒗 湲곌���씠 (硫�由�) �뼥�뼱�졇 �엳�뼱 援먯궗�쓽 利됱떆�쟻 吏��떆 (immediate supervision)瑜� 諛쏆�� �븡�뒗 鍮꾩���냽�쟻 援먯쑁�쓣 留먰븳�떎.
2) �썝寃⑷탳�쑁�쓽 �쟾媛쒓낵�젙 & 諛곌꼍
�썝寃⑷탳�쑁��� �슦�렪�젣�룄媛� 諛쏅떖�븯硫댁꽌 �떆�옉�맂 寃껋씠�씪 �븷 �닔 �엳�떎. 1720�뀈 ���濡쒓퉴吏� 嫄곗뒳�윭 �삱�씪媛� �닔 �엳�뒗 �넻�떊援먯쑁��� 1830�뀈 ���瑜� 嫄곗퀜, 援먯궗��� �븰�깮�씠 �옄�븰�옄�뒿�슜 援먯옱(self-instructional texts)��� �꽌�떊 援먰솚�쓣 �넻�빐 援먯쑁�쓣 諛쏅뒗 �삎�깭濡� �쟾媛쒕릺�뼱 �솕�떎 (Holmberg 1995, 3). 19�꽭湲� �썑諛� �넻�떊 �븰援� (correspondence schools)�씪怨� �븣�젮吏� 怨녹뿉�꽌�뒗 �븰援먯뿉 �떎�땲吏� 紐삵븯�뒗 ���(�깮�왂)
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