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Personality Development
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CONTENTS
Introduction
Erikson¡¯s 8 Stages
Application in education
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Erik H. Erikson
(1902~1994)
¡° It is human to have a long childhood; it is civilized to have an even longer childhood. Long childhood makes a technical and mental virtuoso out of man, but it also leaves a life-long residue of emotional immaturity in him.¡±
Who is Erik H. Erikson?
Psycho-social strengths
basic trust, autonomy, initiative, industry,
Identity, intimacy, generativity, ego integrity
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8
7
6
5
4
3
If an infant develops a sense of trust as a result of being looked after and loved by his or her parents, the infant will be happy and healty.
important to develop trust
to gain trust : Being looked after and loved by parents consistently
in the piaget`s sensory motor stage -- import¡¦(»ý·«)
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Confusion
Stage 5
12 to 18 Years
3
2
1
8
7
6
4
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Adults try to form intimate relationship between other people, especially with the opposite sex. ? isolation People who don`t have stable identity are likely to feel isolation --- feel overwhelmed, ignored by others ?
Young Adulthood
Intimacy
Isolation
Vs.
Stage 6
18 to 35 Years
3
2
1
8
7
4
5
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Middle Adulthood
Vs.
Generatively
Stagnation
?Adults with generativity are interested in producing meaningful work, for example, helping others in some way or looking after their children
Stage 7
35 to 65 Years
3
2
1
8
4
5
6
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The elderly with integrity can face death with peace of mind because they know that they lived to the fullest. In contrast, people with despair feel that they have wasted their lifetime.
Late Adulthood
Vs.
Integrity
Despair
Stage 8
65 to Death
3
2
1
4
5
6
7
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Accept?offers of a child?as much as pos